ALTERNATOR GP-CHARGING 3474914 - Caterpillar

Air Inlet And Exhaust System
Air Inlet Components (typical example)
(1) Inlet manifold. (2) Air inlet hose. (3) Exhaust manifold.The air inlet and exhaust system components are: inlet manifold (1), air inlet hose (2), the cylinder head valves and valve mechanism components, exhaust manifold (3).The turbocharger, is installed between the exhaust and inlet manifolds. The turbocharger is driven by exhaust gases and supplies air to the engine at pressures higher than atmospheric pressure. Air is pulled in the air inlet system by the inlet stroke of the piston. The air flows in the air cleaner, through air inlet hose (2) that directs the volume of air to inlet manifold (1). The air flows through inlet manifold (1) which directs even distribution of the air to each cylinder where the air is mixed with fuel from the injectors. The sequence and action of the engines' four cylinders and four strokes, (compression, power, exhaust and inlet) give constant air flow to the inlet system for engine operation.Lubricating oil is supplied from the engine. Oil flows through the cartridge housing and is returned to the crankcase via a drain tube.Turbochargers with waste-gates are controlled by boost pressure. This allows some of the exhaust gases to bypass the turbine rotor at higher engine speeds. With this arrangement, the turbocharger can be designed to be more effective at lower engine speeds.The action of the exhaust stroke and the timing of the valve mechanism pushes combustion fumes out of the open exhaust valve through the exhaust manifold.The valves and the valve mechanism control the flow of air and exhaust gases in the cylinder during engine operation.
3054 Cylinder And Valve LocationThe inlet and exhaust valves are opened and closed by the rotation and movement of the crankshaft, camshaft, tappets (valve lifters), push rods, rocker arms and valve springs. Rotation of the camshaft gear is driven by, and timed to the crankshaft gear. When the camshaft turns, the tappets are moved up and down. This movement makes the push rods move the rocker arms, which in turn makes the inlet and exhaust valves open and close according to the firing order of the engine. The valve springs push the valves back to the closed position.There is one inlet and one exhaust valve for each cylinder. An exhaust valve seat can be installed in the cylinder head for service. The valve seat for the inlet valve is machined into the cylinder head and cannot be removed.The air inlet system is also equipped with a crankcase ventilation system, or breather. The piston inlet stroke pulls in atmospheric air to the crankcase area.Electrical System
The electrical system is a 12 volt, negative ground system. The electrical system can have three separate circuits: the charging circuit, the starting circuit and the low amperage circuit. Some of the electrical system components are used in more than one circuit. The battery, ammeter, cables and wires from the battery are all common in each of the circuits.The charging circuit is in operation when the engine is