BUSHING 1598173 - Caterpillar

The basic engine components are described in this section.
Cylinder block
Cylinder head
Pistons and connecting rods
Crankshaft
Camshaft
Timing case and gears
Flywheel and flywheel housingCylinder Block
Illustration 1 g00987345
Exploded view of the cylinder block (1) Cylinder block (2) Thrust washerCylinder block (1) is made of cast iron with an integral crankcase. The four cylinders are arranged in-line. The sides of the block extend below the centerline of the crankshaft in order to provide added strength. The cylinder block provides full support for the length of the cylinder bores. The cylinder sleeves are integral with the cylinder block.The journals of the camshaft run directly in the bores of the cylinder block. Thrust washer (2) is located at the rear of the block in order to control the end play of the crankshaft.Cylinder Head
Illustration 2 g00987347
Exploded view of the cylinder head (1) Valve mechanism cover (2) Rocker shaft assembly (3) Valve keepers (4) Valve spring retainer (5) Valve seal (6) Valve spring (7) Valve guide (8) Cylinder head (9) Cylinder head gasket (10) Valve seat insert (11) ValveThe cast iron cylinder head (8) is fastened to the top of the cylinder block by seventeen bolts. A cylinder head gasket (9) is used between the engine block and the cylinder head in order to seal combustion gases, coolant, and oil. The inlet and exhaust ports are designed to improve air flow.The cylinder head assembly has two overhead valves (11) for each cylinder. Each valve is held in place by a single valve spring (6), a valve spring retainer (4), and two valve keepers (3). The cylinder head has steel valve seat inserts (10) for both the inlet and exhaust valves. The valves move in steel valve guides (7). Each valve guide is equipped with a synthetic rubber valve seal (5). The exhaust valve guides have a counterbore in order to prevent seizure of the valve stem that is caused by a buildup of carbon underneath the head of the valve. Both the valve seat inserts and the valve guides can be renewed.The overhead valves are operated by a rocker shaft assembly (2) that is installed under a valve mechanism cover (1). The forged steel rocker arms are operated by cold drawn pushrods with hardened heads. The rocker shaft is supported by four steel brackets that support the rocker shaft between each pair of valves. The rocker shaft assembly and valve components are lubricated by an oil flow from the hollow rocker shaft. The rocker shaft receives a reduced oil flow from the oil feed of the camshaft.Valve lash is adjusted by adjustment screws and locknuts at the pushrod end of each rocker arm.The valve mechanism cover also contains an oil fill cap and breather pipe.Pistons and Connecting Rods
Illustration 3 g00987348
Exploded view of the piston and connecting rod (1) Piston rings (2) Piston (3) Piston pin (4) Retaining rings (5) Piston pin bearing (6) Connecting rod (7) Connecting rod bearingPistons (2) have a combustion chamber in the top of the piston. The piston crater ensures an efficient mix of fuel and