CYLINDER HEAD AS 4189804 - Caterpillar

Cloud Point of Fuel MixturesGenerally, the most practical method that is used to prevent problems that are caused by fuel cloud point at low temperatures is the use of fuel heaters. In most applications, fuel heaters can be used at a lower cost than fuel mixtures.Pour Point
The fuel's pour point is a temperature below the fuel's cloud point. Fuel stops flowing below the pour point. The pour point is the temperature that limits movement of the fuel with pumps.To measure the pour point, the fuel temperature is lowered below the cloud point in steps of 3°C (5°F) at a time. The temperature is lowered until the fuel does not flow. The pour point is the last temperature that is shown before the flow stops. At the pour point, the wax has solidified out of the fuel. This makes the fuel more solid than liquid. The pour point of the fuel can be improved. This does not require the removal of important elements. This process is the same process that is used to improve the cloud point of a fuel.A fuel's pour point should be at least 6°C (10°F) below the lowest ambient temperature that is required for engine start-up and for engine operation. To operate the engine in extremely cold weather, No. 1 fuel or No. 1-D fuel may be necessary because of these fuels lower pour points. Modifying the Pour PointYou can lower the fuel's pour point by using additives. You can also lower the pour point by mixing the fuel with a fuel that has a lower pour point. See the topic Cloud Point for the procedure. This procedure is not the best procedure to use.The same table that was used for cloud point can be used for an estimate of pour points. This is true only if the fuels do not have additives that change the pour point.
Cloud Point of Fuel MixturesIn order to calculate the amount of lighter fuel that is required to be blended with the heavier fuel, perform the following steps:1. Obtain the specification for fuel cloud point of both fuels from your fuel supplier.2. Locate the cloud point of the heavier fuel on the left side of the table. Mark the point on the table.3. Locate the cloud point of the lighter fuel on the right side of the table. Mark the point on the table.4. Draw a line between the two points that were established. Label this line "A".5. Determine the lowest outside temperature for machine operation. Find this point on the left side of the table. Mark this point. Draw a horizontal line from this point. Stop the line at the intersection of line "A". Label this new line "C".6. Draw a vertical line from the intersection of lines "A" and "C". Stop the line at the bottom of the table. Label this line "B". The point at the bottom of line "B" reveals the percentage of lighter fuel that is required to modify the pour point.The above example