CYLINDER-HYD 4784036 - Caterpillar

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Differential (Cross Section) (1) Air cylinder (2) Ring gear (3) Differential housing (4) Differential drive pinion (5) Spider (6) Piston (7) Bevel gear (8) Differential lock jaw (9) Bearing (10) Differential lock jaw (11) Two thrust washers (12) Bearing (13) Bevel gear (14) Four pinions (15) Four thrust washers (16) Four bearings (17) StopThe differential delivers power from the transmission to the final drives. When the machine is turned, the differential allows the inside wheel to turn at a slower rate than the outside wheel. The differential can be locked or unlocked by the operator. The differential lock control is located on the floor of the cab.The output shaft of the transmission is splined to differential pinion (4). Differential pinion (4) turns ring gear (2). Ring gear (2) is bolted to differential housing (3). Differential housing (3) has four pinions (14) on spider (5) and two bevel gears (7) and (13). The four pinions engage at 90 degree angles with two bevel gears (7) and (13). Bevel gears (7) and (13) are splined to the end of the axles.When the machine is moving in a straight direction with the same amount of traction under each drive wheel, the same amount of torque on each axle holds four pinions (14). This will stop four pinions (14) from turning on the spider. Drive pinion (4) turns ring gear (2). Ring gear (2) turns differential housing (3). Differential housing (3) turns spider (5). Spider (5) turns bevel gears (7) and (13) through four pinions (14). Bevel gears (7) and (13) turn the axle shafts. This provides the same effect as if both drive wheels are on one axle shaft.When the machine is turning, the inside wheel has more resistance to turning than the outside wheel. This resistance causes different torques on the opposite sides of the differential. The outside wheel starts to turn faster than the inside wheel. Drive pinion (4) turns ring gear (2). Ring gear (2) turns differential housing (3). The differential housing turns spider (5). The spider turns bevel gears (7) and (13) through four pinions (14). Because more force is required to turn one of bevel gears (7) or (13), four pinions (14) turn around spider (5). As four pinions (14) turn, four pinions (14) move around bevel gears (7) and (13). This allows the outside wheel to turn faster than the inside wheel. The same amount of torque is sent to both the inside wheel and the outside wheel. The torque is only equal to the amount that is required in order to turn the outside wheel.Oil is thrown around the inside of the differential for lubrication of the inside components. Flat surfaces on the spider allow oil to flow to bearings (16) for the pinions and thrust washers (15) .The location of stop (17) is in the differential and bevel gear case. Stop (17) prevents any side movement of the bearing cap when the machine is in operation.Differential Lock
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(18) Differential lock pedal (19)