FILM-WARNING 7I1555 - Caterpillar

FUEL
There are two grades of diesel fuel available in North America and Canada. The two grades are No. 1 and No. 2 with No. 2 being the most commonly used. No. 1 fuel is generally available only in winter months, and only in colder climates. There are two major differences between No. 1 and No. 2 diesel fuel. No. 1 fuel has a lower cloud point, and it has a lower pour point. The cloud point is the temperature point at which wax will begin to form in the fuel, and cause fuel filters to plug. The pour point is the temperature point at which diesel fuel will begin to thicken and be more resistant to flow through fuel pumps and lines. Customers and drivers should be aware of these fuel values when they purchase fuel and anticipate the average ambient temperature for the areas their trucks will be operating. If a truck is fueled in a warmer climate, then driven into a colder climate, fuel problems can occur if adequate precautions are not taken. In addition, No. 1 fuel has a lower BTU (heat content) rating per unit volume of fuel. Drivers who use No. 1 fuel may notice a drop in horsepower and fuel mileage, but should experience no other operating effects. Before troubleshooting for low horsepower or peer performance in winter months, check the type of fuel being used.
FUEL TANKS
Fuel tanks should contain some provision for draining water and sediment from the bottom of the tanks. Some fuel tanks use supply pipes that allow water and sediment to settle below the end of the fuel supply pipe. This water and sediment should be drained at least every six months. Some fuel tanks use supply lines that take fuel directly from the bottom of the tank. In these systems, regular maintenance of fuel filters and water separators is important.
The fuel return line from the engine should return fuel to the same tank from which it was taken. The fuel return line should deposit fuel within 25 mm (9.8 ") of the supply line. This allows the engine to get warm fuel from the tank. It also allows air to escape from the return fuel without being pulled back into the engine.
FUEL LINES
Fuel supply lines should be 9.53 mm (.375") to 12.70 mm (.500 ") in diameter. Use as few fittings and connections as possible. Avoid sharp angles in fuel lines. Moisture in the fuel will tend to collect and freeze at any point the fuel changes direction. Fuel should be drawn from the tank closest to the engine. Fuel lines should travel the most direct route to the engine compartment.
FUEL HEATERS
Use of a fuel heater can help eliminate some cold weather problems. A fuel heater should be installed so that the fuel is heated before it goes into the first or primary fuel filter. Select a fuel heater that is mechanically simple, yet adequate for the application. The fuel heater should also prevent overheating of the