FILTER GP-OIL 4722102 - Caterpillar

Turbocharger
Illustration 2 g00904915
Turbocharger
(1) Compressor wheel housing
(2) Oil inlet port
(3) Bearing
(4) Turbine wheel housing
(5) Turbine wheel
(6) Air inlet
(7) Exhaust outlet
(8) Compressor wheel
(9) Bearing
(10) Oil outlet port
(11) Exhaust inletThe turbocharger is installed on the center section or on the top of the exhaust manifold. All the exhaust gases from the engine go through the turbocharger. The exhaust gases enter turbine housing (4) through exhaust inlet (11). The exhaust gases then push the blades of turbine wheel (5). The turbine wheel is connected by a shaft to compressor wheel (8).When the load on the engine increases, more fuel is injected into the cylinders. The combustion of this additional fuel produces more exhaust gases. The additional exhaust gases cause the turbine and the compressor wheels of the turbocharger to turn faster. As the compressor wheel turns faster, more air is forced into the cylinders. The increased flow of air gives the engine more power by allowing the engine to burn the additional fuel with greater efficiency.
Illustration 3 g00907531
Turbocharger with the wastegate
(12) Canister
(13) Line (boost pressure)
(14) Actuating leverThe turbocharger has a wastegate. The wastegate helps improve the emissions of the engine. The operation of the wastegate is controlled by the boost pressure. At high boost pressures, the wastegate opens in order to decrease boost pressure. At low boost pressure, the wastegate closes in order to increase boost pressure.When the engine is operating under conditions of low boost, a spring pushes on a diaphragm in canister (12). This action moves actuating lever (14) in order to close the valve of the wastegate. Closing the valve of the wastegate allows the turbocharger to operate at maximum performance.As the boost pressure through line (13) increases against the diaphragm in canister (12), the valve of the wastegate is opened. When the valve of the wastegate is opened, the rpm of the turbocharger is limited by bypassing a portion of the exhaust gases. The exhaust gases are routed through the wastegate which bypasses the turbine wheel of the turbocharger.Bearings (3) and (9) for the turbocharger use engine oil under pressure for lubrication and cooling. The oil comes in through oil inlet port (2). The oil then goes through passages in the center section in order to lubricate the bearings. This oil also cools the bearings. Oil from the turbocharger passes through oil outlet port (10) in the bottom of the center section. The oil then returns to the engine oil pan.Valve System Components
Illustration 4 g00907525
Rocker shaft and rockers
The valve system components control the flow of inlet air into the cylinders during engine operation. The valve system components also control the flow of exhaust gases out of the cylinders during engine operation.The crankshaft gear drives the camshaft gear through an idler gear. The camshaft must be timed to the crankshaft in order to get the correct relation between the piston movement and the valve movement.
Illustration 5 g00904080
Valve system components
(1) Rocker
(2) Spring
(3) Pushrod
(4) Valve
(5) LifterThe camshaft has two camshaft lobes for each cylinder. The lobes operate the inlet and exhaust valves. As the camshaft