HOSE AS 3659589 - Caterpillar

Ignition Control
The ECM provides variable ignition timing that is sensitive to detonation.Each cylinder has an ignition transformer that is located under the valve cover for the cylinder. To initiate combustion, the ECM sends a pulse of approximately 100 volts to the primary coil of each ignition transformer at the appropriate time and for the appropriate duration. The transformers step up the voltage in order to create a spark across the spark plug electrode.Detonation sensors monitor the engine for excessive detonation. The engine has two detonation sensors. Each sensor monitors a cylinder bank. The sensors generate data on vibration that is processed by the ECM in order to determine detonation levels. If detonation reaches an unacceptable level, the ECM retards the ignition timing of the engine. If retarding the timing does not limit detonation to an acceptable level, the ECM shuts down the engine.The ECM provides extensive diagnostics for the ignition system. The ECM also contains an input for ignition timing in order to allow operation with alternate fuels such as propane that require a timing offset.Engine Speed Governing
The ECM maintains the desired engine speed by controlling the electronic actuator for the throttle. The actuator is located above the air inlet manifold.The actuator is electrically controlled and electrically actuated. The ECM sends a throttle command to the actuator via the CAN data link. The actual throttle position can be determined by comparing a scribe mark on the throttle shaft with the increments on a protractor.Desired engine speed is determined by the status of the idle/rated switch, the desired speed input (analog voltage or 4 to 20 mA), and parameters such as maximum engine high idle speed that are programmed into the ECM. Actual engine speed is detected via a signal from the speed/timing sensor. Parameters such as governor gain that controls the engine stability can be programmed with Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET).Engine Monitoring and Protection
The ECM monitors both the engine operation and the electronic control system.Problems with engine operation such as low oil pressure produce an event code. The ECM can issue a warning or a shutdown for a low oil pressure event. This depends on the severity of the condition. For more information, refer to Troubleshooting, "Event Code List".Problems with the electronic control system such as an open circuit produce a diagnostic code. For more information, refer to Troubleshooting, "Diagnostic Code List".Optional Air/Fuel Ratio Control
This system consists of an electronic fuel metering valve, output drivers in the ECM, and maps in the ECM. The ECM