PART AR-MISC 3800061 - Caterpillar

Failure to follow these oil recommendations can cause shortened engine service life due to deposits and/or excessive wear.
Total Base Number (TBN) and Fuel Sulfur Levels for Direct Injection (DI) Diesel Engines
The Total Base Number (TBN) for an oil depends on the fuel sulfur level. For direct injection engines that use distillate fuel, the minimum TBN of the new oil must be 10 times the fuel sulfur level. The TBN is defined by "ASTM D2896". The minimum TBN of the oil is 5 regardless of fuel sulfur level. Illustration 1 demonstrates the TBN.
Illustration 1 g00799818
(Y) TBN by "ASTM D2896" (X) Percentage of fuel sulfur by weight (1) TBN of new oil (2) Change the oil when the TBN deteriorates to 50 percent of the original TBN.Use the following guidelines for fuel sulfur levels that exceed 1.5 percent:
Choose an oil with the highest TBN that meets one of these classifications: EMA LRG-1, API CH-4 and API CG-4.
Reduce the oil change interval. Base the oil change interval on the oil analysis. Ensure that the oil analysis includes the condition of the oil and a wear metal analysis.Excessive piston deposits can be produced by an oil with a high TBN. These deposits can lead to a loss of control of the oil consumption and to the polishing of the cylinder bore.
Operating Direct Injection (DI) diesel engines with fuel sulfur levels over 1.0 percent may require shortened oil change intervals in order to help maintain adequate wear protection.
Lubricant Viscosity Recommendations for Direct Injection (DI) Diesel Engines
The proper SAE viscosity grade of oil is determined by the minimum ambient temperature during cold engine start-up, and the maximum ambient temperature during engine operation. Refer to Table 1 (minimum temperature) in order to determine the required oil viscosity for starting a cold engine.Refer to Table 1 (maximum temperature) in order to select the oil viscosity for engine operation at the highest ambient temperature that is anticipated.Generally, use the highest oil viscosity that is available to meet the requirement for the temperature at start-up.
Table 1
Engine Oil Viscosity    
Caterpillar DEO
Multigrade
EMA LRG-1
API CH-4
API CG-4
Viscosity Grade     Ambient Temperature    
Minimum Maximum    
SAE 0W20    
-40 °C (-40 °F)    
10 °C (50 °F)    
SAE 0W30    
-40 °C (-40 °F)    
30 °C (86 °F)    
SAE 0W40    
-40 °C (-40 °F)    
40 °C (104 °F)    
SAE 5W30    
-30 °C (-22 °F)    
30 °C (86 °F)    
SAE 5W40    
-30 °C (-22 °F)    
40 °C (104 °F)    
SAE 10W30    
-20 °C (-4 °F)    
40 °C (104 °F)    
SAE 15W40    
-15 °C (5 °F)    
50 °C (122 °F)