PUMP & MOUNTING GP 9C1988 - Caterpillar

Characteristics of ULSD
Lubricity
Hydro-treatment of fuel removes the sulfur, nitrogen compounds, polar materials, bicyclic aromatics, polycyclic aromatics, and oxygen compounds. While the removal of sulfur has shown no detrimental effects to the engine, the removal of other compounds lowers the lubricity of the fuel. As a result of the lowered lubricity, the fuel is less tolerant of contamination by water and dirt. Fuels that have a low lubricity may not provide adequate lubrication to plungers, to barrels, and to injectors. This problem may be compounded in areas that require winter blends of fuel. The lighter winter fuel blend has the following characteristics: lower viscosity, lower cloud point and lower pour point.If necessary, the lubricity of the fuel may be enhanced with additives. Many fuel suppliers treat the fuel with these additives. Do not use a fuel lubricity additive before you consult the fuel supplier. Some aftermarket additives may not be compatible with the additives that are already in the fuel. Some additives may damage emission control systems.Note: Lighter fuels are frequently used in arctic temperatures. Lighter fuels may include the following fuels: Jet A, Jet A-1, JP-8, JP-5 and kerosene. The specifications that apply to these fuels do not include a requirement for a minimum lubricity. Do not assume that a fuel meets the minimum Caterpillar specification. Consult the fuel supplier for proper recommendations on fuel lubricity additives.Note: The sulfur levels for the following fuels typically exceed 50 ppm: Jet A, Jet A-1, JP-8, JP-5 and kerosene. Note: For best results, your fuel supplier should treat the fuel when additives are required.Other Characteristics of ULSD
The fuel viscosity should be between 1.4 cSt and 20 cSt as the fuel is delivered to the fuel injection pumps. A fuel cooler will raise the viscosity. A fuel heater will lower the viscosity. Make sure that the viscosity remains in the recommended range. The cetane number affects the ability of the engine to start and to run smoothly. Generally, an increase of 10 in the cetane number allows the engine to be started at a lower temperature. The increase of 10 in the Cetane number improves the starting temperature by 7°C to 8°C (12°F to 15°F).Biodiesel
Biodiesel may pose low ambient temperature problems for both storage and operation. At low ambient temperatures, fuel may need to be stored in a heated building or a heated storage tank. The fuel system may require heated fuel lines, filters, and tanks. Filters may plug and fuel in the tank may solidify at low ambient temperatures if precautions are not taken. Consult the supplier of your biodiesel for assistance in the blending and attaining of the proper cloud point for the fuel.Care must be taken in order to remove water from fuel tanks. Water accelerates microbial contamination and growth. When biodiesel is compared to distillate fuels, water is naturally more likely to exist in the biodiesel.Coolant (Coolant/Antifreeze)
Never operate an engine without water temperature regulators in the cooling system. Water temperature regulators help to maintain the engine coolant