TUBE AS 3713068 - Caterpillar

Operation
Straight Forward or Reverse
When the machine moves in a straight direction with the same amount of traction under each drive wheel, the same amount of torque on each axle holds the pinions so they do not turn on the spider.Pinion shaft (12) turns ring gear (13). Ring gear (13) turns case (14). Case (14) turns spider (11). Spider (11) turns side gears (8) through pinions (9). Pinions (9) do not turn on the spider. The side gears turn the axle shafts. The same amount of torque is sent to each wheel.This gives the same effect as if both drive wheels were on one axle shaft.Forward or Reverse Turn
When the machine is in a turn, the inside wheel has more resistance to turn than the outside wheel. This resistance causes different torques on the opposite sides of the differential. It is easier for the outside wheel to turn than it is for the inside wheel. The outside wheel starts to turn faster than the inside wheel.Pinion shaft (12) turns ring gear (13). Ring gear (13) turns case (14). Case (14) turns spider (11). Spider (11) turns side gears (8) through pinions (9). Since it takes more force to turn one side gear than it does the other, pinions (9) turn around the spider. As the pinions turn, they move around the side gears. This lets the outside wheel turn faster than the inside wheel.The same amount of torque is sent to both the inside and outside wheels. This torque is only equal to the amount needed to turn the outside wheel.Loss of Traction (Wheel Slippage)
When one wheel has more traction than the other, the operation of the differential is the same as in a turn. The same amount of torque is sent to both wheels. This torque is only equal to the amount needed to turn the wheel with the least resistance.Final Drives
LOCATION OF FINAL DRIVE
FINAL DRIVE COMPONENTS
1. Rim. 2. Wheel assembly. 3. Carrier. 4. Axle-housing. 5. Shaft. 6. Spindle. 7. Planetary gears. 8. Duo-Cone seals. 9. Axle shaft. 10. Sun gear. 11. Wheel bearings. 12. Hub assembly. 13. Ring gear.Each final drive has the same components. A final drive causes the last speed reduction and torque increase in the power train.Ring gear (13) is fastened to hub assembly (12). Hub assembly (12) is connected to spindle (6) by splines. Spindle (6) is fastened to axle housing (4). Ring gear (13), spindle (6) and hub assembly (12) are held stationary.Axle shaft (9) is connected to the differential by splines. Sun gear (10) is connected to axle shaft (9) by splines. Sun gear (10) is engaged with planetary gears (7). Planetary gears (7) are held in planetary carrier (3). Planetary carrier (3) is fastened to wheel assembly (2).Power from the differential turns the axle shaft. The axle shaft turns sun gear (10). Sun gear (10) turns planetary gears (7). Since ring gear (13) is held by hub assembly (12), the planetary gears move around the inside of ring gear (13).