WASHER-HARD 2S0115 - Caterpillar

Introduction
This procedure checks for air in the fuel system. This procedure also assists in finding the source of the air. Required Tools
Table 1
Required Tools    
Part Number     Part Description     Qty    
2P-8278     Tube As (Sight Gauge)     1    Test Procedure
Work carefully around an engine that is running. Engine parts that are hot, or parts that are moving, can cause personal injury.
Examine the fuel system for leaks. Ensure that the fuel line fittings are properly tightened. Check the fuel level in the fuel tank. Air can enter the fuel system on the suction side between the fuel transfer pump and the fuel tank.
Install a 2P-8278 Tube As (Sight Gauge) in the fuel return line. When possible, install the sight gauge in a straight section of the fuel line that is at least 304.8 mm (12 inch) long. Do not install the sight gauge near the following devices that create turbulence:
Elbows
Relief valves
Check valvesObserve the fuel flow during engine cranking. Look for air bubbles in the fuel. If there is no fuel that is present in the sight gauge, prime the fuel system. Refer to Testing and Adjusting, "Fuel System - Prime" for more information. If the engine starts, check for air in the fuel at varying engine speeds. When possible, operate the engine under the conditions which have been suspect.
Illustration 1 g00578151
2P-8278 Tube As (Sight Gauge) (1) A steady stream of small bubbles with a diameter of approximately 1.60 mm (0.063 inch) is an acceptable amount of air in the fuel. (2) Bubbles with a diameter of approximately 6.35 mm (0.250 inch) are also acceptable if there are 2 seconds to 3 seconds intervals between bubbles. (3) Excessive air bubbles in the fuel are not acceptable.
If excessive air is seen in the sight gauge in the fuel return line, install a second sight gauge at the inlet to the fuel transfer pump. If a second sight gauge is not available, move the sight gauge from the fuel return line and install the sight gauge at the inlet to the fuel transfer pump. Observe the fuel flow during engine cranking. Look for air bubbles in the fuel. If there is no fuel that is present in the sight gauge, prime the fuel system. Refer to Testing and Adjusting, "Fuel System - Prime" for more information. If the engine starts, check for air in the fuel at varying engine speeds.If excessive air is not seen at the inlet to the fuel transfer pump, the air is entering the system after the fuel transfer pump. Refer to the Testing and Adjusting, "Fuel System - Prime".If excessive air is seen at the inlet to the fuel transfer pump, air is entering through the suction side of the fuel system.
To avoid personal injury, always wear eye and face protection when using pressurized air.
To avoid damage, do not