HOSE AS 0874531 - Caterpillar

Naturally aspirated engines pull outside air through an air cleaner directly into the inlet manifold. The air flows from the inlet manifold to the engine cylinders. The fuel is mixed with the air in the engine cylinders. After the fuel combustion occurs in the engine cylinder, the exhaust gases flow directly to the outside air through the exhaust manifold and the exhaust system.Turbocharged engines pull outside air through an air cleaner into the air intake of the turbocharger. The suction is caused by the turbocharger compressor wheel. Then, the turbocharger compressor wheel compresses the air. The air flows through the inlet manifold which directs an even distribution of the air to each engine cylinder. Air is pulled into the engine cylinder during the intake stroke of the piston. Then, the air is mixed with fuel from the fuel injection nozzles.Each piston makes four strokes:
Intake Air is drawn into the cylinder through the open inlet valve. Fuel is sprayed into the engine by the fuel injection nozzle.
Compression The mixture of air and fuel is compressed in the cylinder in order to heat the mixture to the temperature of combustion.
Power The mixture of air and fuel ignites at the top of the compression stroke. The expansion of gases from the combustion forces the piston downward. This force creates the power of the engine.
Exhaust The piston moves upward in order to force the gases of combustion from the cylinder through the open exhaust valve.The sequence of the strokes by all of the pistons in all of the engine cylinders provides constant air flow from the air inlet system during the engine operation.The valve mechanism cover contains a closed breather assembly. The gases in the valve cover, which are caused by blowby, pass from the crankcase to the inlet manifold. The breather is sealed from the outside air by a diaphragm. Above the diaphragm, the cover is vented to the outside air by a small vent hole so that pressure does not build up.Turbocharger
A turbocharger increases the temperature and the density of the air that is sent to the engine cylinder. This condition causes a lower temperature of ignition to develop earlier in the compression stroke. The compression stroke is also timed in a more accurate way with the fuel injection. Surplus air lowers the temperature of combustion. This surplus air also provides internal cooling.A turbocharger improves the following aspects of engine performance:
Power output is increased.
Engine torque is increased.
Engine efficiency is increased.
Illustration 1 g00302786
Components of a turbocharger (typical example)
(1) Air intake
(2) Compressor housing
(3) Compressor wheel
(4) Bearing
(5) Oil inlet port
(6) Bearing
(7) Turbine housing
(8) Turbine wheel
(9) Exhaust outlet
(10) Oil outlet port
(11) Exhaust inlet A turbocharger is installed between the exhaust and intake manifolds. The turbocharger is driven by exhaust gases which flow through the exhaust inlet (11). The energy of the exhaust gas turns the turbine wheel (8). Then, the exhaust gas flows out of the turbine housing (7) through the exhaust outlet (9).Turbine wheel (8) and compressor wheel (3) are installed on the same